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But for centuries one important ingredient was missing — the first tomatoes were brought to Europe only in the 16th century from South America. In the 19th century Rafaele Esposito, a baker from Naples, began to sell the first modern pizzas. He was asked to bake a special pizza for a visit by the Italian King and Queen in 1889, and so the first pizza Margarita was created, named after the Queen.
Pizza became a favourite dish in Italy, but only after the Second World War, when thousands of American soldiers went home from Europe, pizza really became an international dish. Soon there were pizzerias all over the USA, and American chains like Pizza Hut, spread the idea around the world. Today the average American eats over 10 kilograms of pizza a year and the world's largest pizza (measuring 30 metres! across) was baked not in Italy but in Havana, Cuba!
TS 17 Ice cream
The first frozen desserts are known from the time of Alexander the Great in the 4th century ВС. Legend says that this famous leader enjoyed icy drinks. People in China were eating ice cream, invented there in about 2000 ВС. It reached Europe in about 1300 when the Italian traveller Marco Polo returned with recipes from the Far East. When Marco Polo returned to Europe from China in 1295 he told of exotic kings who enjoyed this strange frozen dessert. To prove that his stories were true he produced recipes. By the year 1500, cream had been added to the recipes, and rich Italians couldn't get enough cream-ice. Cream-ice was brought to France in 1533 with the help of Catherine de Medici of Italy.
By the 1700s, cafes specializing in ice cream had appeared all over Europe. But few regular citizens ever tasted ice cream for it was very expensive and only rich people could buy it. One invention brought ice cream into the lives of ordinary people: the refrigerator invented in 1803. Ice cream shops immediately spread across the country and soon ice cream could be bought every day. All could now enjoy what once was the food of the kings and presidents.
TS 18
The peanut butter and jelly sandwich (PBJ or PB&J) is a common sandwich in the United States and Canada.
The recipe is as simple as the name — one slice of bread is spread with peanut butter and another is spread with jelly, jam or marmalade. The two spread sides are then stuck together. The simplicity of preparation and eating makes the sandwich a popular choice for children.
A child's lunch is usually made in the morning before going off to school. While at school it will most likely sit in their lunchbox. This can lead to the jelly soaking through the bread. A popular way to avoid this is to spread peanut butter on both slices of bread and then jelly on top of the peanut butter. Another option is to spread butter or margarine before spreading the jelly on the bread.
PB&J sandwiches are also popular because they can be kept for long periods without refrigeration.
In 1998, a shop called Peanut Butter & Co opened in New York City — they serve nothing but peanut butter sandwiches, and make six different kinds of all natural peanut butter. Their peanut butter & jelly sandwich is called The Lunchbox Special and also includes a side of potato chips and carrot sticks.
TS 19
Tea Leaves
Many years ago tea was unknown in European countries. Many people didn't even know the word tea. But drinking tea was very popular in the East. Once, a young sailor came back from India. He was the only son of an old woman and every time he returned from a faraway country he brought his mother a present. Of course he tried to bring her something unusual that she could show to her friends. That time he
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